The Washington Post, The New York Times, Newsmax and others said their journalists would not agree to the Defense Department’s policies on news gathering ahead of a Tuesday deadline.

Ms. James, in her first public appearance since her federal indictment, said that she and Mr. Mamdani knew what it was like to be threatened and harassed.

The president’s bellicose vow of steep new tariffs, followed quickly by a more conciliatory message, pointed to an internal tug of war over his approach.